Embryos created through in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intra – cytoplasmic injection (ICSI), can be tested for certain inherited conditions or abnormalities before they are transferred to the uterus. This helps to ensure that only unaffected embryos are put uterus during treatment.

Pre – implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) enables people with an inheritable condition in their family to avoid passing it to their children. It involves checking the genes and / or chromosomes of embryos created through IVF.

Pre – implantation genetic screening (PGS) involves checking the chromosomes of embryos conceiving by IVF or ICSI for common abnormalities.

PGS is recommended in:
• Women over 35 years old
• Family history of chromosome problems
• History of recurrent miscarriages
• Several unsuccessful cycles of IVF